Advantages
Price/efficiency ratio
Limited wear (no slurry in the pump)
Low maintenance costs
User-friendly system
Disadvantages
Limited pressure (max. 1 bar)
Pumping depth limited to +/- 3,5 m (depth of the pit)
Principle
Vacuum Pumping System
The vacuum system creates an atmospheric pressure difference in order to fill or empty the tanker. By creating a vacuum (depression) in the tank, slurry can be sucked. When spreading, the principle is reverse: the tank is pressurized by the pump, which allows to expel the slurry.
_Spreading
_Suction/filling
_Air intake in spreading phase
_Air intake in suction phase
_Towards spreading implements
Which pump capacity?
An appropriate capacity is used to create the vacuum before starting to fill the tank or to pressurize it during the spreading phase. The pump then "merely" has to keep this vacuum or pressure.
Choosing a too big pump means wasting the tractor traction power, with a risk of premature wear. The effective vacuum rate is always the same, whatever the chosen type of pump may be.
Once the capacity of the pump is selected, it is possible to choose a given type of greasing and cooling system.
Direct connection or speed-increasing gearbox?
The 1,000 rpm version is also more interesting because, in combination with the tractor P.T.O. rpm selector, it allows to adjust the pump capacity to the required spreading flow. Furthermore, the pump that is driven at a lower rpm will spare the engine, which is therefore beneficial to the traction capacity of the whole carriage.
Direct connection
Speed-increasing gearbox
Cooling
Next to the air flow through the pump, most vacuum pumps are also fitted with vanes acting as a conduction cooling system. However, for a more efficient cooling, it is possible to choose the "Ballast Port" system, which is a low-cost solution.
Ballast Port system
This system is used to cool the pump by injecting fresh air in its housing and to constantly work at 60% vacuum. It is mounted on the PNR 155.
1. Pump capacity
2. Time to "create a vacuum"
3. Keeping a vacuum
4. Suction
5. Filling process
1. Vacuum pump
2. Pump exhaust
3. Pressure relief valve
4. Purger - syphon
5. Pressure gauge (checking underpressure)
6. Tank valve (anti-spill)
7. Air depression
8. Suction valve
9. Filling pipe
10. Atmospheric pressure
11. Slurry under atmospheric pressure in the pit
1. Pump capacity
2. Time to set the tank under pressure
3. Keeping compression rate
4. Spreading
5. Duration of the spreading process
1. Vacuum pump
2. Pump intake
3. Pressure relief valve
4. Purger - syphon
5. Pressure gauge (checking overpressure)
6. Tank valve (anti-spill)
7. Compressed air
8. Slurry under pressure
9. Scatterer
10. Spreading layer
Vane
• Pump system with mobile vanes
• Driven by eccentric rotor
• Deflecting valve to direct the air flow in order to suck or spread.
• Necessary and forced lubrication (drop by drop) on every pymp delivered by JOSKIN
JOSKIN mainly installs pumps with mobile vanes driven by an eccentric rotor that always turns in the same direction: the air flow is directed by a deflecting valve in order to spread or suck slurry.
All normal vacuum pumps create the same ''vacuum''; only the air flow capacity of the pump matters.
The range of vacuum pumps with vanes proposed by JOSKIN goes from 4,000 to 15,500l/min. The main models are Battioni & Pagani MEC and JUROP PN and PNR.
All vane pumps delivered by JOSKIN are at least fitted with a forced lubrication system (drop by drop), which greases the pump both during the suction and spreading phase.
Vacuumoil
The JOSKIN Vacuumoil was especially developed to lubricate the pump vanes. A can is provided with each delivered vehicle.
| MEC 4000 | MEC 5000 | MEC 6500 | MEC 8000 | PN 106 | PN 155 | PN 130 | PN 155 | PNR 155 | |
| Number of rpm | 540 M / 1.000 D | 540 M / 1.000 D | 540 M / 1.000 D | 540 M / 1.000 D | 540 M / 1.000 D | 1.000 D | 540 M / 1.000 D / 1.000 M | 1.000 M | 1.000 M |
| Flow at atmospheric pressure (l/min) | 4.350 | 6.150 | 7.000 | 8.100 | 11.000 | 15.500 | 13.000 | 15.500 | 15.500 |
| Air flow at 60% vacuum (l/min) | 4.000 | 5.000 | 6.500 | 8.000 | 10.000 | 13.850 | 11.400 | 13.850 | 13.850 |
| Automatic lubrication | / | / | option | option | Standard | Standard | Standard | Standard | Standard |
| JOSKIN pressure relief valve (Ø 150 mm) | option | option | option | option | option | Standard | Standard | Standard | Standard |
| Syphon (l) | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 |
| Ø hoses (mm) | 60 | 60 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Cooling | Traditional | Traditional | Traditional | Traditional | Traditional | Traditional | Traditional | Traditional | Air injection |
Lobe rotors
• Vacuum model with high capacity
• Two volumetric rotors with lobes instead of vanes
• Depression in the tank through the rotation of the lobes
• No lubrication since there is no contact between the mobile parts
• No wear nor polluant emissions
Air injection
The Jurop DL pumps are vacuum models with high capacity (from 17,600 to 25,000 l air/min) that are especially used in the industrial sector, and particularly on hydrocleaners.
They work with two "volumetric" lobe rotors instead of vanes. The rotation then creates a depression inside the tank, which allows to suck slurry.
As there is no contact between the moving parts, the pump can work without being lubricated. It is cooled by air injection.
The advantage of this type of pump is the high capacity and the limited dimensions. Moreover, the Jurop DL is not subject to wear or pollutant emissions.
It is standard fitted with silencers on the filling and exhaust pipe.
Three models are available: Jurop DL 180 (17,600 l air/min), Jurop DL 220 (21,600 l air/min) and Jurop DL 250 (25,000 l air/min).
JOSKIN fits its DL pumps with a temperature alarm and filters, whose advantage is to suck so much purified air as possible in order to avoid foreign bodies.
| DL 180 | DL 220 | DL 250 | |
| Number of rpm | 1.000 M | ||
| Flow at atmospheric pressure (l/min) | 17.600 | 21.600 | 25.000 |
| Air flow at 60% vacuum (l/min) | 10.900 | 10.550 | 16.383 |
| Automatic lubrication | n.a. | ||
| Pressure relief valve (Ø 150 mm) | Standard | ||
| Syphon (l) | 60 | ||
| Ø hoses (mm) | 100 | ||
| Cooling | Air injection | ||
The pump is protected against the well-known "slurry-hammer" (slurry flowing into the pump) thanks to an anti-spill valve combined to a self-cleaning syphon. The compression circuit also includes two safety valves: one on the pump, one on the tank. Since the pump is the heart of your spreader, it is worth this attention.
Tank pressure relief valve
All JOSKIN tankers with a vacuum pump are fitted with a tank overpressure security.
Ball security (anti-spill valve)
Based on a float system, the ball security prevents slurry from flowing in the same pipe as the air. Once the tank is full, the ball blocks the tube.
Self-cleaning syphon
The syphon (of 30 or 60 l according to the pump capacity) is an extra safety between the tank and the pump. The inner pipe is designed in such a way that the syphon empties automatically when the air is expelled.
Ecopump
This ecological and economical system allows to collect used oils coming out of the pump, to highly reduce the noise level of the pump and to suck at the top of the tank in order to avoid dust in the slurry and to increase the lifespan of the pump.
Eco-purifier
Available with a capacity of 30 or 60 l, the Eco-Purifier is a combination of an Ecopump and a syphon but it keeps both their properties and advantages. It ensures a significant space-saving.
Pressure relief valve (Ø 150 mm)
The high-capacity pressure relief valve (Ø 150 mm) allows to quickly evacuate the air and prevent the pump from prematurely overheating. Thanks to this option, it is also possible to adjust the spreading flow by acting on the pressure in the tank.
Pump change-over
Tankers with a vacuum pump are fitted with a mechanical pump change-over. A hydraulic control is available depending on the models. It is an essential option to use a filling device like an arm, a dorsal boom, etc. The change of pump can be done without leaving the tractor in order to anticipate the filling or spreading phase.
Pneumatic counter
By means of a membrane that adds each depression in the tank, the pneumatic counter, which is mounted on the syphon, accounts for the number of spread tankers.
Hydraulic mixer
This device is a true mixer. It can be used both during transport and spreading. The built-in hydraulic motor drives vanes of 60 mm for a working diameter of 480 mm on an axis that rests on its whole length on an ertalon bearing.
Air mixer
This device, which can only be used when spreading, injects air at the bottom of the tank through a pipe. with holes over its whole length. Each of them is protected by a rubber piece in order to prevent slurry to flow into them.
Vertical adjustment of spreading gun by hydraulic cylinder (in option)
Advantages
• Emptying through spreading gun to spread on very uneven grounds while the tanker remains on a flat area.
• Irrigation works possible
The GARDA/JULIA system with 100% mechanical drive combines a Garda or Julia centrifugal pump with a vacuum pump (respectively Battioni & Pagani or Jurop). A pump change-over allows to choose the desired pump type. Standard delivered with a high-flow spreading gun, it is however still possible to feed a rear spreading implement or an umbilical system.
_Spreading
_Suction/filling
_Air intake in spreading phase
_Air intake in suction phase
General points
GARDA/JULIA pumps can be used in steep regions and areas that are difficult to reach.
The GARDA assemblyis the combination of two pumps:
• a MEC vacuum pump to fill the tank and spread traditionally;
• a GARDA centrifugal pump to make the slurry flow towards the spreading gun with a pressure that can almost reach 6 bar.
It is also used a lot for irrigation works.
Gun spreading
Spreading through a gun allows to avoid tracks on the arable land by directing the slurry towards the hillsides, which can even be reached above hedges from the road.
Volumetric mixing through return to tank by hydraulic 3-way valve
Mixing in closed circuit
As an option on all GARDA assemblies, it is possible to mix slurry in closed circuit, which turns out to be very useful in case of quite thick slurry: this process takes place by setting slurry in motion.
The JULIA assembly is the combination of two pumps:
• a PN(R) or DL vacuum pump;
• a Julia centrifugal pump of 5,000, 7,000 or 8,000 l/min.
This combination allows, through 3-way valves, to use wider implements or an umbilical system.